文章農場: 2016

2016年6月6日星期一

JavaBean 模組化類別 (打包重複功能)

說明，寫兩個檔案：

helloBean.java → 接收一個字串 name，並回傳 “Hello, “ + name
helloBean.jsp → 載入 JavaBean，印出結果。

##ReadMore##
---
前言：
在網頁語言 JSP 及 Servlet 之開發過程中，常常會使用到相同功能的程式，而最快的處理方法就是複製並貼上至其他的頁面,但當程式專案規模變大後，這種方式會導致後續維護及管理的困難,也使不同版本之功能難以維持一致性。
因此可以選擇使用 JavaBean 模組化技術，其主要用來設計特定功能且能夠被使用、復用、替代和連接的副程式，事實上它也只是一般的 Java 類別，但必須遵循 JavaBean API 之規範，例如特定的命名、建構元、方法之規定。

Reference:
國立中山大學程式諮詢網－簡介 JavaBean

---
/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/WEB-INF/src/helloBean.java

package bean;

public class helloBean{
    public String helloBean(String name){
        String message = "Hello, " + name + "!!";
        return message;
    }
}

‧ 編譯檔案為 .class，且檔案位置為：
/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/WEB-INF/classes/bean/helloBean.class

---
/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/helloBean.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>

<!-- 載入 JavaBean 的語法 -->
<jsp:useBean id='objHello' scope='application' class='bean.helloBean' />

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>demo JavaBeans</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
    String message;
    message = objHello.helloBean("tete");
    out.println(message);
%>
</body>
</html>

---
測試：
http://localhost:8080/Test/helloBean.jsp

寫一個 HTML 傳送表單資料至 JSP

說明：
寫兩個檔案：

request.html → 做一個表單，可傳送資料出去。
request.jsp → 讀取 get 請求，並輸出傳來的資料內容。

---
前言：
HTTP Request 請求，常用的有 GET 及 POST 方法，於網路查詢即可得知兩者差異，這邊就不加說明，直接 codeing 實作。

##ReadMore##
---
兩檔案路徑同樣放至：/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/

---
request.html

<html>
  <head>>
 
  </head>
   
  <body>
    <form action="request.jsp" method="get">
               請輸入資訊:<input type="text" name="info">
      <input type="submit" value="傳送">
    </form> 
  </body>
</html>

---
request.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>

</head>

<body>
<% 
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//String content=new String(request.getParameter("info").getBytes("UTF-8"));
String content = request.getParameter("info");

if(content == null){
    content = "null";
}else{
    content = new String(request.getParameter("info").getBytes("UTF-8"));       
}
//String content=request.getParameter("info");
%>                                                          
<h2>顯示…</h2>                                              
<h2>收到的訊息：<%=content %></h2>                          
</body>                                                     
</html>

---
測試網址：
http://localhost:8080/Test/request.html

送出表單後，會直接跳轉至
http://localhost:8080/Test/request.jsp

---
也可以硬改網址，直接加入參數及資料給 JSP，例如：
http://localhost:8080/Test/request.jsp?info=hehe

因此也可以發現，從安全性來看，POST (資料參數不會附在網址上)遠優於 GET 求請方式。

Roseapple Pi - 於 Android 之 USB to TTL 連線 + ADB 指令控制

說明：

使用 USB to TTL 工具，並以 minicom 指令連線至蓮霧派(android)。
以 ADB 指令控制蓮霧派(android)。

##ReadMore##
---
Step 1. USB to TTL 工具接線：

---
Step 2. 於 Debian 下安裝 minicom 及 ADB 指令：

~$ sudo apt-get install minicom
~$ sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb android-tools-fastboot

---
Step 3. 設定 minicom：

~$ minicom -s

序列埠設定：

按「離開本畫面」可以進入 minicom 連線至蓮霧派 Android 系統文字畫面。

---

Step 4. 設定蓮霧派 ADB TCP port 為 5555：

於 minicom 畫面，控制蓮霧派 Android ADB 指令－

netcfg → 查看 ip，假設為 192.168.1.100
setprop service.adb.tcp.port 5555 && stop adbd && start adbd

---
Step 5. 網路連線至蓮霧派：
於 Debian 終端機下 ADB 網路連線指令：

adb connect 192.168.1.100

確認裝置有連到，於終端機：

adb devices

---

Step 6. 可以斷開 USB to TTL 連接線路，直接使用終端機透過網路下指令：

adb shell /system/bin/screencap -p /sdcard/screenshot.png → 截圖
adb shell → adb install *.apk → 安裝 apk 檔

查看溫度：

adb -s 192.168.31.124:5555 shell
cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*/temp

關機：

adb shell reboot -p
adb shell shutdown
adb shell halt

---

其他備註. 使用 `adb connect RoseapplePi.IP` 連接後，可以開啟 Android Studio 軟體找到該裝置，直接燒錄 app 程式。

2016年6月4日星期六

Apache Tomcat 環境建置

‧ 前言：
Apache Tomcat 是 Apache 軟體基金會下之 Jakarta 項目專案所開發出來的免費開源軟體，內含有 HTTP 伺服器，因此也可以被視作為一個單獨的網頁伺服器；另外主要特色為支援 Java Servlet 及 JavaServer Page (JSP)，並且透過 XML 格式之設定檔來管理及控制網頁路徑。

##ReadMore##
---
Step 0. 安裝 Java JDK
可以參考本站文章「設定指令優先權(Java 安裝為例)」，本例使用版本：

~$ java -version

java version "1.8.0_45"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_45-b14)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.45-b02, mixed mode)

---
Step 1. 下載檔案
至官方下載 Apache Tomcat，
本文使用版本為 apache-tomcat-8.0.30-src.tar.gz。

---
Step 2. 解壓縮
於 Linux 系統環境下，通常習慣將第三方協力軟體放置到 “/opt“ 目錄下(需 ROOT)。

~$ sudo tar xfva apache-tomcat-8.0.30-src.tar.gz -C /opt

---
Step 3. 啟動 apache-tomcat 服務
至解壓縮目錄內之 “bin“ 目錄下執行運作服務 Shell Scrip 檔。

~$sudo sh /opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/bin/startup.sh

---
Step 4. 測試網頁
開啟瀏覽器鍵入網址 “http://localhost:8080/“，若有正確啟動服務會看到下圖畫面：

---
Step 5. 建立專案
使用 Apache Tomcat 必須遵守其檔案目錄配置的規範，
以路徑 /opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps 做為網頁之根目錄 (Root) 開始建立專案目錄。

---
Step 6. 寫 JSP 測試：/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" %>                               
<html>
<head>
    <title>Hello</title><br>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>Input Name</h3>
    <form action="/TestApp/Hello" method="get">
        請輸入姓名：
        <input type="text" name="UserID" />
        <input type="submit" value="Send" />
    </form>
</body>
</html>

---
Step 7-1. 寫 Servlet 測試：/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/WEB-INF/src/HelloServlet.java

import java.io.*;                                                            
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                    throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 下面兩行讓中文字能正確顯示
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<HTML>");
        out.println("<BODY>");
        out.println("<p>Hello! 這是我的第一支 Java servlet 程式。</p>");
        out.println("</BODY>");
        out.println("</HTML>");
  }
}

Step 7-2. 以指令編譯成 .class 檔：/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/WEB-INF/classes/HelloServlet.class

cd /opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/WEB-INF/src
javac *.java -d ../classes/

Step 7-3. 設定 web.xml：/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.30/webapps/Test/WEB-INF/web.xml

<servlet>
   <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
   <url-pattern>/HelloServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

---
Step 8-1. 測試 jsp 網址：
http://localhost:8080/Test/hello.jsp

Step 8-2. 測試 servlet 網址：
http://localhost:8080/Test/hello

2016年6月2日星期四

C#-examination-e

題目要求：
魔術方塊，六種顏色以文字表之。
圖片共十二張：點我下載

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;
using AForge.Imaging;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Diagnostics;
using AForge.Math;

namespace examination_e
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Bitmap srcImg, cropImg, confirmImg;
        String knowColor;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            openFileDialog1.Filter = "All File(*.*)|*.*";
            if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                srcImg = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile(openFileDialog1.FileName);
                pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            listBox1.Items.Clear();
            //因為每張魔術方塊圖大小、位置不定，慢慢抓最大最小值縮減掃描範圍
            int catchX = 250;
            int catchY = 130;
            int catchWidth = 650;
            int catchHeight = 500;

            //第一階段截取圖片，因為每張魔術方塊圖大小、位置不定先截個自訂值(畫 rectangle 慢慢測試得來的)
            Crop cropFilter = new Crop(new Rectangle(catchX, catchY, catchWidth, catchHeight));
            Bitmap scanImg = cropFilter.Apply(srcImg);
            pictureBox3.Image = scanImg;

            Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(srcImg);
            g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), catchX - 1, catchY - 1, catchWidth + 2, catchHeight + 2);
            pictureBox2.Image = srcImg;

            //Color 陣列用來儲存第一階段截取範圍內全部 colorPixel，容器 +10 避免誤差，造成超出陣列
            Color[,] colorPixel = new Color[catchX + catchWidth + 10, catchY + catchHeight + 10];

            //初始化，魔術方塊區域之座標最大、最小值
            int max_x = 0, max_y = 0, min_x = catchX + catchWidth, min_y = catchY + catchHeight;

            //開始取得第一階段截取範圍全部的 colorPixel
            for (int i = catchX; i < catchX + catchWidth; i++)
            {
                for (int j = catchY; j < catchY + catchHeight; j++)
                {
                    colorPixel[i, j] = srcImg.GetPixel(i, j);
                }
            }

            //掃描第一階段截取之範圍, 取得非黑色的座標之最大、最小座標 max_x, max_y, min_x, min_y
            for (int i = catchX; i < catchX + catchWidth; i++)
            {
                for (int j = catchY; j < catchY + catchHeight; j++)
                {
                    // 設 RGB < 90 為黑色，非魔術方塊區域。
                    if (colorPixel[i, j].R < 90 && colorPixel[i, j].G < 90 && colorPixel[i, j].B < 90) { /*nothing to do*/ }
                    // 第一層過濾，非黑色，則有可能是彩色圖，但有誤差，所以還要第二層過濾。
                    else
                    {
                        // 設 RGB < 90 為黑色，非魔術方塊區域。
                        if (colorPixel[i - 2, j - 2].R < 90 && colorPixel[i - 2, j - 2].G < 90 && colorPixel[i - 2, j - 2].B < 90) { /* nothing to do */ }
                        //第二層過濾，判斷座標 [i-2, j-2] colorPixel 必需不是黑色 (即捕捉連續彩色→但只能捉到魔術方塊左上角座標，右下座標仍有誤差)
                        else
                        {
                            // 設 RGB < 90 為黑色，非魔術方塊區域。
                            if (colorPixel[i + 2, j + 2].R < 90 && colorPixel[i + 2, j + 2].G < 90 && colorPixel[i + 2, j + 2].B < 90) { /* nothing to do */ }
                            //第三層過濾，判斷座標 [i+2, j+2] colorPixel 必需不是黑色 (即捕捉連續彩色→測試後可以正確抓到魔術方塊完整範圍)
                            else
                            {
                                // 抓魔術方塊區域之座標最大、最小值
                                if (max_x < i)
                                    max_x = i;
                                if (max_y < j)
                                    max_y = j;
                                if (min_x > i)
                                    min_x = i;
                                if (min_y > j)
                                    min_y = j;
                            }

                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            //得到魔術方塊區域之最大、最小座標 max_x, max_y, min_x, min_y，算差值得到魔術方塊之 Height= calcH, Width=calcW
            int calcW = max_x - min_x;
            int calcH = max_y - min_y;

            //做記號至 srcImg 測試確認用
            g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), min_x, min_y, calcW, calcH);
            textBox1.Text = "BottomRight=(" + max_x + ", " + max_y + ")";
            textBox2.Text = "TopLeft=(" + min_x + ", " + min_y + ")";
            textBox3.Text = "width=" + calcW + ", height=" + calcH;

            //第二階段截取圖片，得到完整魔術方塊的區域 = cropImg
            Crop cropFilter2 = new Crop(new Rectangle(min_x, min_y, calcW, calcH));
            cropImg = cropFilter2.Apply(srcImg);

            //魔術方塊的區域印至 pictureBox3 再確認
            pictureBox3.Image = cropImg;

            /*
            //手動測試用
            int jjj = 0;
            int iii = 2;
            Crop cropFilterTest = new Crop(new Rectangle(iii * calcW / 3, jjj * calcH / 3, calcW / 3, calcH / 3));
            confirmImg = cropFilterTest.Apply(cropImg);
            pictureBox4.Image = confirmImg;
             */

            //掃描魔術方塊區域
            for (int jj = 0; jj < 3; jj++)
            {
                for (int ii = 0; ii < 3; ii++)
                {
                    //第三階段截取，割成 3×3, 每一格單位: Width=calcH/3, Height=calcH/3，以 for-loop 掃描 
                    Crop cropFilter3 = new Crop(new Rectangle(ii * calcW / 3, jj * calcH / 3, calcW / 3, calcH / 3));
                    confirmImg = cropFilter3.Apply(cropImg);

                    //傳送單塊顏色中心點之 RGB 判別顏色
                    Color confirmPixel = confirmImg.GetPixel(confirmImg.Width / 2, confirmImg.Height / 2);
                    //寫一個 function confirmColor 內有色表做顏色確認
                    confirmColor(confirmPixel.R, confirmPixel.G, confirmPixel.B);
                    listBox1.Items.Add("(" + jj + ", " + ii + ") = " + knowColor);
                    //listBox1.Items.Add("R,G,B = " +confirmPixel.R + "," + confirmPixel.G + "," + confirmPixel.B);
                    listBox1.Items.Add("");
                }
                listBox1.Items.Add("-----------------");
            }
            pictureBox2.Image = srcImg;     
        }

        public void confirmColor(int R, int G, int B)
        {
            //Blue
            if (R < 40 && G < 50 && B > 70 && B < 150)
                knowColor = "Blue";
            //Yellow
            else if (R > 200 && G > 170 && B > 50 && B < 96)
                knowColor = "Yellow";
            //Green
            else if (R < 80 && G > 50 && G < 160 && B > 40 && B < 100)
                knowColor = "Green";
            //Orange
            else if (R > 175 && G > 55 && G < 115 && B < 68)
                knowColor = "Orange";
            //Red
            else if (R > 100 && R < 200 && G < 55 && B < 50)
                knowColor = "Red";
            //White
            else if (R > 170 && G > 179 && B > 170)
                knowColor = "White";
            else
            {
                knowColor = "unknow";
            }
        }
    }
}

C#-examination-d

題目要求：

使用textbox show出各個blob的中心點座標

圖片：1-1.bmp

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Math;
using AForge.Video;

namespace examination_d
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Bitmap srcImg;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            srcImg = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile("1-1.bmp");
            pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int largestarea, ii, blobcount, totalarea, avearea;
            Grayscale grayFilter = new Grayscale(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);
            Bitmap grayImg = grayFilter.Apply(srcImg);
            pictureBox2.Image = grayImg;

            Threshold thresFilter = new Threshold(254);
            Bitmap bimage = thresFilter.Apply(grayImg);
            pictureBox3.Image = bimage;

            // create an instance of blob counter algorithm
            BlobCounterBase bc = new BlobCounter();
            // set filtering options
            bc.FilterBlobs = true;
            bc.MinWidth = 5;
            bc.MinHeight = 5;
            // set ordering options
            bc.ObjectsOrder = ObjectsOrder.Size;
            // process binary image
            bc.ProcessImage(bimage);
            Blob[] blobs = bc.GetObjectsInformation();
            // extract the biggest blob

            largestarea = blobs[0].Area;
            textBox1.Text = largestarea.ToString();
            blobcount = bc.ObjectsCount;
            textBox2.Text = bc.ObjectsCount.ToString();
            textBox7.Text = blobs[0].CenterOfGravity.ToString();

            totalarea = 0;
            for (ii = 0; ii < blobcount; ii++)
            {
                totalarea = totalarea + blobs[ii].Area;

                listBox1.Items.Add(blobs[ii].Area.ToString());

            }

            for (ii = 0; ii < blobcount; ii++)
            {
                listBox2.Items.Add("blobs[" + ii + "] = (" + Convert.ToInt16(blobs[ii].CenterOfGravity.X).ToString() + ", " + Convert.ToInt16(blobs[ii].CenterOfGravity.Y).ToString() + ")");
            }

            textBox4.Text = totalarea.ToString();

            avearea = totalarea / blobcount;
            textBox5.Text = avearea.ToString();

            Invert filterinv = new Invert();
            Bitmap invimg = filterinv.Apply(bimage);
            pictureBox4.Image = invimg;

            // create filter
            Subtract filtersub = new Subtract(invimg);
            // apply the filter
            Bitmap blobimg = filtersub.Apply(grayImg);
            pictureBox5.Image = blobimg;


            // gather statistics
            ImageStatistics stat = new ImageStatistics(blobimg);
            // get red channel's histogram
            Histogram gray = stat.Gray;
            int blobimgarea = stat.PixelsCountWithoutBlack;
            double blobmean = gray.Mean * blobimg.Height * blobimg.Width / blobimgarea;
            textBox6.Text = blobmean.ToString();

        }

    }
}

C#-examination-c

題目要求：
算板手(p5)的面積與中間寬度
圖片：p5.jpg

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;
using AForge.Math;

namespace examination_c
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Bitmap srcImg, tempImg;
        int x = 400, y1 = 100, y2 = 500;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            srcImg = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile("p5.jpg");
            tempImg = new Bitmap(srcImg);
            pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Grayscale grayFilter = new Grayscale(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);
            tempImg = grayFilter.Apply(tempImg);

            OtsuThreshold otsuFilter = new OtsuThreshold();
            tempImg = otsuFilter.Apply(tempImg);

            Invert invFilter = new Invert();
            tempImg = invFilter.Apply(tempImg);

            FillHoles holeFilter = new FillHoles();
            holeFilter.MaxHoleHeight = 100;
            holeFilter.MaxHoleWidth = 100;
            holeFilter.CoupledSizeFiltering = false;
            tempImg = holeFilter.Apply(tempImg);

            pictureBox2.Image = tempImg;
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(srcImg);
            g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Red), new Point(x, y1), new Point(x, y2));
            pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Bitmap imgtwo = new Bitmap(tempImg);
            Graphics g2 = Graphics.FromImage(imgtwo);

            int[,] point = new int[x + 5, y2 + 5];
            int count = 0;
            int[] value = new int[2];

            for (int y = y1; y < y2; y++)
            {
                Color pixelColor = imgtwo.GetPixel(x, y);
                point[x, y] = pixelColor.R;
            }

            for (int y = y1; y < y2; y++)
            {
                if (point[x, y] < 20)
                {
                    if (point[x, y] != point[x, y - 1] || point[x, y] != point[x, y + 1])
                    {
                        value[count] = y;
                        count++;
                    }
                }
            }

            listBox1.Items.Add("第一點座標 = (" + x + ", " + value[0] + ")");
            listBox1.Items.Add("第二點座標 = (" + x + ", " + value[1] + ")");
            listBox1.Items.Add("板手寬度 = " + (value[1] - value[0]).ToString());
            g2.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Red), new Point(x, value[0]), new Point(x, value[1]));
            pictureBox2.Image = imgtwo;
        }

        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // create filter
            BlobsFiltering filter = new BlobsFiltering();
            // configure filter
            filter.CoupledSizeFiltering = true;
            filter.MinWidth = 1;
            filter.MinHeight = 1;
            // apply the filter
            Bitmap dstImage = filter.Apply(tempImg);
            //pictureBox2.Image = dstImage;


            BlobCounterBase bc = new BlobCounter();
            bc.FilterBlobs = true;
            bc.MinWidth = 1;
            bc.MinHeight = 1;
            bc.ObjectsOrder = ObjectsOrder.Area;

            bc.ProcessImage(dstImage); // process binary image
            Blob[] blobs = bc.GetObjectsInformation();

            textBox1.Text = "Blob Count = " + bc.ObjectsCount.ToString();//總個數

            int totalarea = 0;
            for (int ii = 0; ii < bc.ObjectsCount; ii++)
            {
                totalarea = totalarea + blobs[ii].Area;
                listBox2.Items.Add("Blob[" + ii + "] = " + blobs[ii].Area.ToString());
            }
            listBox2.Items.Add("Total Area = " + totalarea);
        }
    }
}

C#-examination-b

題目要求：
掃描Bracket1圖片的 (a)兩個寬度與 (b)中間空隙之寬度
圖片：Bracket1.bmp

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;

namespace examination_b
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Bitmap srcImg, tempImg, bwImg;

        int x = 400, y1 = 100, y2= 400;
        int[] y_value = new int[4];

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            srcImg = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile("Bracket1.bmp");
            tempImg = new Bitmap(srcImg);
            pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(srcImg);
            g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Red), new Point(x, y1), new Point(x, y2));

            pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Grayscale grayFilter = new Grayscale(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);
            Bitmap grayImg = grayFilter.Apply(tempImg);

            OtsuThreshold otsuFilter = new OtsuThreshold();
            bwImg = otsuFilter.Apply(grayImg);

            pictureBox2.Image = bwImg;
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int[,] point = new int[x+5, y2+5];
            int count = 0;

            for (int y = y1; y < y2; y++)
            {
                Color pixelColor = bwImg.GetPixel(x, y);
                point[x, y] = pixelColor.R;
            }

            for (int y = y1; y < y2; y++)
            {
                if (point[x, y] < 20)
                {
                    if (point[x, y] != point[x, y - 1] || point[x, y] != point[x, y + 1])
                    {
                        y_value[count] = y;
                        count++;
                        listBox1.Items.Add("(" + x + ", " + y + ")");
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Bitmap imgtwo = new Bitmap(bwImg);
            Graphics g2 = Graphics.FromImage(imgtwo);

            g2.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Yellow), new Point(x, y_value[0]), new Point(x, y_value[1]));
            listBox2.Items.Add("上面寬度(Yellow) = " + (y_value[1] - y_value[0]).ToString());

            g2.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Purple), new Point(x, y_value[1]), new Point(x, y_value[2]));
            listBox2.Items.Add("中間空隙(Purple) = " + (y_value[2] - y_value[1]).ToString());

            g2.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Green), new Point(x, y_value[2]), new Point(x, y_value[3]));
            listBox2.Items.Add("上面寬度(Green) = " + (y_value[3] - y_value[2]).ToString());

            pictureBox2.Image = imgtwo;
        }
    }
}

C#-examination-a

題目要求：

將圖切成 3*5 份去掃描，將對比最高的圖顯示出來 (找瑕疵)

圖片：L02.jpg

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using AForge.Imaging.Formats;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using System.Diagnostics;
using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Math;

namespace examination_a
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Bitmap srcImg, grayImg, cropImg;

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            srcImg = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile("L02.jpg");
            pictureBox1.Image = srcImg;
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Crop cropFilter = new Crop(new Rectangle(1, 1, 2560, 2560));
            Bitmap templateImg = cropFilter.Apply(srcImg);

            Grayscale grayFilter = new Grayscale(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);
            grayImg = grayFilter.Apply(templateImg);

            pictureBox3.Image = grayImg;
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(srcImg);
            Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch();
            stopWatch.Reset();
            stopWatch.Start();

            double maxStdDev = -1;
            int ii = 0, jj = 0;

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
                {
                    Crop matchCropFilter = new Crop(new Rectangle(i * 512, j * 512, 512, 512));
                    cropImg = matchCropFilter.Apply(grayImg);

                    g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.White), i * 512, j * 512, 512, 512);

                    ImageStatistics stat = new ImageStatistics(cropImg);
                    Histogram gray = stat.Gray;

                    listBox1.Items.Add("(" + i + ", " + j + ") = " + gray.StdDev.ToString());

                    if (gray.StdDev > maxStdDev)
                    {
                        maxStdDev = gray.StdDev;
                        ii = i;
                        jj = j;
                    }
                }
            }

            g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), ii * 512, jj * 512, 512, 512);
            textBox2.Text = maxStdDev.ToString();
            pictureBox2.Image = srcImg;

            TimeSpan ts = stopWatch.Elapsed;
            textBox1.Text = ts.ToString();
        }
    }
}

C#-examination-4

題目要求：

button1: 讀圖 lena 與 lena_2
button2: 求 lena 與 lena_2之差異 difference
button3: 將差異轉成灰階圖
button4: 利用影像增強手法將 button3 之差異強化

##ReadMore##

比較圖一：lena

比較圖二：lena_2

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Video;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using AForge.Math;

namespace examination_4
{
    public partial class exam4 : Form
    {
        Bitmap img1, img2, catchImg, grayImg;
        

        public exam4()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            openFileDialog1.Filter = "所有檔案(*.*)|*.*";
            if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                img1 = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile(openFileDialog1.FileName);
                pictureBox1.Image = img1;
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            openFileDialog2.Filter = "所有檔案(*.*)|*.*";
            if (openFileDialog2.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                img2 = ImageDecoder.DecodeFromFile(openFileDialog2.FileName);
                pictureBox2.Image = img2;
            }
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            img1 = (Bitmap)pictureBox1.Image;
            img2 = (Bitmap)pictureBox2.Image;
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 取兩圖長、寬最小值
            int imgWidth = Math.Min(img1.Width, img2.Width);
            int imgHeight = Math.Min(img1.Height, img2.Height);
            int minX = imgWidth;
            int minY = imgHeight;
            int maxX = 0;
            int maxY = 0;

            // 比較的 Pixel 範圍
            for (int x = 0; x < imgWidth; x++)
            {
                for (int y = 0; y < imgHeight; y++)
                {
                    // 比較兩圖 Pixel
                    if(img1.GetPixel(x,y).Equals(img2.GetPixel(x,y)))
                    {
                        // 相同 Pixel ，維持原圖                        
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // 不相同

                        // 取差異圖最左上點
                        if (minX > x)
                            minX = x;
                        if (minY > y)
                            minY = y;

                        // 取差異圖最右下點
                        if (maxX < x)
                            maxX = x;
                        if (maxY < y)
                            maxY = y;
                    }
                }
            }
            
            catchDiff(minX, minY, maxX, maxY);
            drawDiffFrame(minX, minY, maxX, maxY);

            pictureBox1.Image = img1;
            pictureBox2.Image = img2;
        }

        // 補捉兩圖不同點於 pictureBox3
        private void catchDiff(int topLeft_X, int topLeft_Y, int bottomRight_X, int bottomRight_Y)
        {
            Crop cropFilter = new Crop(new Rectangle(topLeft_X - 5, topLeft_Y - 5, bottomRight_X - topLeft_X + 10, bottomRight_Y - topLeft_Y + 10));
            catchImg = cropFilter.Apply(img2);
            pictureBox3.Image = catchImg;
        }

        // 於原圖及比對圖畫出框，框出差異
        private void drawDiffFrame(int topLeft_X, int topLeft_Y, int bottomRight_X, int bottomRight_Y)
        {
            using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(img1))
            {
                g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), topLeft_X - 6, topLeft_Y - 6, bottomRight_X - topLeft_X + 12, bottomRight_Y - topLeft_Y + 12);
            }
            using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(img2))
            {
                g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), topLeft_X - 6, topLeft_Y - 6, bottomRight_X - topLeft_X + 12, bottomRight_Y - topLeft_Y + 12);
            }
        }

        // 影像灰階
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Grayscale grayFilter = new Grayscale(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);
            grayImg = grayFilter.Apply(catchImg);
            pictureBox3.Image = grayImg;
        }

        // 續影像灰階，再影像強化處理
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Bitmap thsImg;
            Threshold thFilter = new Threshold(23);
            thsImg = thFilter.Apply(grayImg);
            pictureBox3.Image = thsImg;
        }

    }
}

C#-examination-3

題目要求：

讀圖。
show 出圖之大小，包含 width and height。
show 出中間點 width/2 and height/2 之 RGB 值。

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;

namespace examination_3
{
    public partial class exam3 : Form
    {

        Bitmap img;
        Color colorPixel;

        public exam3()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void openFileDialog1_FileOk(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
        {
            
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             OpenFileDialog readImg = new OpenFileDialog();
             if (readImg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
             {
                 img = new Bitmap(readImg.FileName);
                 pictureBox1.Image = img;

                 textBox1.Text = img.Width.ToString();
                 textBox2.Text = img.Height.ToString();

                 colorPixel = img.GetPixel(img.Width / 2, img.Height / 2);
                 textBox3.Text = colorPixel.R.ToString();
                 textBox4.Text = colorPixel.G.ToString();
                 textBox5.Text = colorPixel.B.ToString();

             }
        }
    }
}

C#-examination-2

題目要求：

button1: 做積分
steps數目10000
show出結果與執行時間(耗時)

##ReadMore##

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace examination_2
{
    public partial class exam2 : Form
    {

        Stopwatch stopWatch = new Stopwatch();

        public exam2()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Start Watch
            stopWatch.Reset();
            stopWatch.Start();

            // Integration
            int steps = 10000;
            double ans = 0;
            double x, fx;
            double en = 4 * Math.PI;
            double bn = 0;
            double parti = (en - bn) * 1 / steps;

            for (int i = 0; i < steps; i++)
            {
                x = bn + parti * i;
                fx = x * x * x * Math.Sin(2 * x) * Math.Cos(x);
                ans = ans + fx * parti;
            }

            // Stop Watch
            stopWatch.Stop();

            // Show timesapn and Answer
            TimeSpan ts = stopWatch.Elapsed;
            textBox1.Text = ts.ToString();
            textBox2.Text = ans.ToString();
            
        }

        private void pictureBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void textBox2_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
}

C#-examination-1

題目要求：

做 button1 → 讀圖。
做 button2 → 從左上角劃一綠線，至右下角。
做 button3 → 中間部位畫一50X150之紅色四邊形。
做 button4 → 存檔。

##ReadMore##

測試圖檔：https://sites.google.com/site/p501labsite/microsoft-virtual-studio/lena.png?attredirects=0&d=1

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using AForge.Imaging;
using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
using AForge.Imaging.Formats;


namespace examination_1
{
    public partial class exam1 : Form
    {
        //statement
        Bitmap img_L, img_R;
        Color colorPixel;
        int[,] maR = new int[1024, 1024];
        int[,] maG = new int[1024, 1024];
        int[,] maB = new int[1024, 1024];

        public exam1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //Read File
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog readImg = new OpenFileDialog();
            if (readImg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                img_L = new Bitmap(readImg.FileName);
                img_R = img_L;
                pictureBox1.Image = img_L;
                pictureBox2.Image = img_L;

                // 儲存原圖 colorPixel 
                for (int i = 0; i < img_L.Width; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < img_L.Height; j++)
                    {
                        colorPixel = img_L.GetPixel(i, j);
                        maR[i, j] = colorPixel.R;
                        maG[i, j] = colorPixel.G;
                        maB[i, j] = colorPixel.B;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        //Diagonal Top-left to Bottom-right
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 對角線之 colorPixel
            for (int i = 0; i <= img_L.Height; i++)
            {
                maR[i, i] = 0;
                maG[i, i] = 0;
                maB[i, i] = 0;
            }

            // paint diagonal
            for (int i = 0; i < img_L.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < img_L.Height; j++)
                {
                    Color diagonalPixel = Color.FromArgb(maR[i, j], maG[i, j], maB[i, j]);
                    img_R.SetPixel(i, j, diagonalPixel);
                }
            }
            pictureBox2.Image = img_R;

        }

        //Rectangle 50 x 150
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int drawWidth = 50;
            int drawHeight = 150;

            // 中間繪圖點
            int originX = img_L.Width / 2 - drawWidth / 2;
            int originY = img_L.Height / 2 - drawHeight / 2;

            for (int i = originX; i <= originX + drawWidth; i++)
            {
                for (int j = originY; j <= originY + drawHeight; j++)
                {
                    maR[i, j] = 255;
                    maG[i, j] = 0;
                    maB[i, j] = 0;
                }
            }

            // paint rectangle
            for (int i = 0; i < img_L.Width; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < img_L.Height; j++)
                {
                    Color rectanglePixel = Color.FromArgb(maR[i, j], maG[i, j], maB[i, j]);
                    img_R.SetPixel(i, j, rectanglePixel);
                }
            }
            pictureBox2.Image = img_R;
        }

        //Save File
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            saveFileDialog1.FileName = @"img.bmp";
            saveFileDialog1.Filter = "Bitmap File(*.bmp) | *.bmp";
            if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                img_R.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName);
            }

        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
}

2016年4月27日星期三

Xilinx - MorFPGA

官方下載網站:

http://www.xilinx.com/support/download/index.html/content/xilinx/en/downloadNav/design-tools.html

校內ftp:

Linux : wget ftp://120.117.74.22/ise.tar

解開並執行圖形安裝程式
用 root 執行 ./xsetup

Accept License Agreement
勾 accept

在 Select Products to Install
選擇 ISE WebPACK

在 Select Installation Options
把 install Cable Drivers 打勾

在 Select Destination Directory
選擇要儲存的位置

最後按 Install 等它安裝完畢

---------------------

完畢後

把 Platform Cable USB 插上電腦

紅燈表示 Cable Driver 沒有裝好

綠燈表示有裝好

以下是顯示紅燈時要執行的步驟

Install Xilinx USB Cable Drivers 14.7 on Debian

apt-get install fxload

Create /etc/udev/rules.d/xusbdfwu.rules with the following content;

# version 0003

ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0008", MODE="666"

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0007", RUN+="/sbin/fxload -v -t fx2 -I /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusbdfwu.hex -D $tempnode"

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0009", RUN+="/sbin/fxload -v -t fx2 -I /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusb_xup.hex -D $tempnode"

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="000d", RUN+="/sbin/fxload -v -t fx2 -I /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusb_emb.hex -D $tempnode"

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="000f", RUN+="/sbin/fxload -v -t fx2 -I /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusb_xlp.hex -D $tempnode"

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0013", RUN+="/sbin/fxload -v -t fx2 -I /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusb_xp2.hex -D $tempnode"

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03fd", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0015", RUN+="/sbin/fxload -v -t fx2 -I /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusb_xse.hex -D $tempnode"

把 /opt/Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS/ISE/bin/lin64/xusbdfwu.hex

改成剛剛所安裝的路徑, 共六個.

然後執行

# udevadm control --reload-rules　

在把 Cable USB 重新插入, 應該會變綠色.

----------------------------

啟動 ISE 軟體

cd /Xilinx/14.7/ISE_DS, 你所安裝的路徑

source settings64.sh

ise 需要 Licence

我的 Licence

wget ftp://120.117.74.22/Xilinx.lic

執行 ise 後, 出現 Xilinx Licence Configuration Manager

選擇 Locate Existing License(s)

選擇 Xilinx.lic

----------------------

New Project

**晶片設定**

Family -> Spartan3

Device -> XC3S1500

Package -> FG676

從 project 開啟燒入程式

Configure Target Device展開 -> Generate Target PROM/ACE File

從 project 開啟設定接腳的程式

User Constraints展開 -> I/O Pin Planning (PlanAhead) - Post-Synthesis

指令直接輸入 impact 開啟燒入程式, 可以直接燒入 .bit .mcs 檔

2016年3月23日星期三

openCV -Step1 Display image with C/C++

1.編寫一個 C/C++ 語言程式檔 displayimage.cpp，程式碼如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char **argv )
{
    if ( !argc[2] )
    {
        printf("usage: DisplayImage <Image_Path>\n");
        return -1;
    }

    Mat image;
    image = imread( argv[1], 1 );

    if ( !image.data )
    {
        printf("No image data \n");
        return -1;
    }
    namedWindow("DisplayImage", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
    imshow("DisplayImage", image);

    waitKey(0);

    return 0;
}

2.編寫一個 CMakeLists.txt 檔，程式碼如下：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project( DisplayImage )
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
add_executable( DisplayImage DisplayImage.cpp )
target_link_libraries( DisplayImage ${OpenCV_LIBS} )

3.將1、2點的檔案和任意圖檔(XXX.png)放在同一個目錄 displayimage 底下，執行 cmake .，之後執行 make :

$ cmake .
$ make

執行最後會顯示下列訊息：
...
-- Build files have been written to: /home/<username>/.../DisplayImage
4.會出現一個叫 DisplayImage 的可執行檔，並執行下列指令：

$ ./DisplayImage XXX.png

即可用opencV 顯示圖片

參考資料：
www.google.com
http://www.bogotobogo.com/OpenCV/opencv_3_tutorial_ubuntu14_install_cmake.php
http://blog.csdn.net/poem_qianmo/article/details/20537737

2016年3月16日星期三

openCV -Step0 Building openCV on Debian Linux

1.至 openCV 官方網站下載函式庫，裏面有很多種版本，我裝的是最新版 VERSION 3.4:

從openCV的GitHub下載檔案，指令如下:
$ git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

2.將電腦更新並且下載需要的套件：

# apt-get update

# apt-get install libopencv-dev build-essential checkinstall cmake pkg-config yasm libtiff5-dev libjpeg-dev libjasper-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev libxine2-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev python-dev python-numpy libtbb-dev libqt4-dev libgtk2.0-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev x264 v4l-utils ffmpeg

3.將 openCV 官網抓下來的 opencv-3.4.zip 解壓縮，進入 opencv-3.4裡面建立 release 資料夾，再 release 裡面執行一串cmake 程序：

$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON ..

執行最後會顯示下列訊息：

...

-- Build files have been written to: /home/<username>/.../opencv-3.1.0/release

4.接著執行 make 和 make install 即可完成 openCV的環境建置：

$ make

# make install

5.參考網址：

http://www.bogotobogo.com/cplusplus/opencv.php

http://docs.opencv.org/2.4/index.html

2016年1月13日星期三

SDL - Step7俄羅斯方塊

螢幕截圖：

#include<stdbool.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<math.h>
#include"SDL/SDL.h"
#define height 400
#define width 400
#define speed 20
struct brick
{
 SDL_Rect a;
 int appearance;//the number of box
 struct brick *next;
};
typedef struct brick BRICK;
//方塊初始座標
int O[8]={80,100,100,80,20,20,0,0};
int I[8]={80,80,80,80,60,40,20,0};
int J[8]={100,80,80,80,0,40,20,0};
int L[8]={100,80,80,80,40,40,20,0};
int S[8]={100,100,80,80,40,20,20,0};
int Z[8]={80,80,100,100,40,20,20,0};
int T[8]={100,80,80,80,20,40,20,0};
void Create(int R[],int c);
void Button(void);
void Overlapping(void);
void Boundary(void);
void Correct(void);
void GameOver(void);
void JudgePositionAfterCorrect(void);
void Rotation(void);
void MoveToDown(BRICK *deliver);
void LeftAndRight(void);
void Drop(void);
void Cancellation(void);
BRICK *first,*current,*previous,*temp;
bool running=true,move=false,correcting=false,DN=false,LR=false,dropping=false;
int dx=20,dy=speed,number=0,acount=0,cycle=0,i,j,p,Cx,Cy,J1,I1,J2,I2,ee=0;
int main()
{
 printf("=======================\n");
 printf("= SPACE - high down   =\n");
 printf("= UP    - rotate      =\n");
 printf("= DOWN  - slow down   =\n");
 printf("= LEFT  - left        =\n");
 printf("= RIGHT - right       =\n");
 printf("=======================\n");
 SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
 SDL_Surface* screen;
 screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(width,height,32,SDL_SWSURFACE);
 SDL_WM_SetCaption("---Tetris---",NULL);
 Uint32 bg=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0xff,0xff,0xff);//the color of background
 Uint32 bg1=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,240,240,240);//the color of bacdground-1
 Uint32 color[7];//the color of box
 color[0]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,240,0,0);
 color[1]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,240,0);
 color[2]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,240);
 color[3]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,240,240,0);
 color[4]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,240,240);
 color[5]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,240,0,240);
 color[6]=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,200,200,0);
 SDL_Rect ss[20][10];//the box of background
 for(i=0;i<20;i++)//set the value to the box of background
 {
  for(j=0;j<10;j++)
  {
   ss[i][j].x=j*20;
   ss[i][j].y=i*20;
   ss[i][j].w=20;
   ss[i][j].h=20;
  }
 }
 srand(time(NULL));
 //printf("Now Loading.......\n");
 //SDL_Delay(1000);
 while(running)
 { 
  if(cycle>0)Cancellation();
  if(move==false)//increase the box
  {
   p=rand()%7;
   if(p==0)Create(O,p);
   if(p==1)Create(I,p);
   if(p==2)Create(J,p);
   if(p==3)Create(L,p);
   if(p==4)Create(S,p);
   if(p==5)Create(Z,p);
   if(p==6)Create(T,p);
   GameOver();
   acount=0;
  }
  //Button();
  if(cycle%8==0)MoveToDown(first);
  if(LR)LeftAndRight();//if left or right was pushed
  if(DN)MoveToDown(first);//if down was pushed
  if(dropping)Drop();//if space was pushed
  //check the condition
  Overlapping();
  Boundary();
  if(correcting)Correct();
  //------------------------
  Overlapping();
  Boundary();
  //increase the box
  if(correcting)Correct();
  //------------------------
  JudgePositionAfterCorrect();
  //Display all box
  SDL_FillRect(screen,&screen->clip_rect,bg1);//background
  for(i=0;i<20;i++)//background
   for(j=0;j<10;j++)
    if(i%2==0&&j%2==1)
     SDL_FillRect(screen,&ss[i][j],bg);
    else if(i%2==1&&j%2==0)
     SDL_FillRect(screen,&ss[i][j],bg);
    else
     SDL_FillRect(screen,&ss[i][j],bg1);
  current=first;//the box
  while(current!=NULL)
  {
   if(current->appearance==0)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[0]);
   if(current->appearance==1)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[1]);
   if(current->appearance==2)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[2]);
   if(current->appearance==3)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[3]);
   if(current->appearance==4)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[4]);
   if(current->appearance==5)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[5]);
   if(current->appearance==6)SDL_FillRect(screen,&current->a,color[6]);
   current=current->next;
  }
  SDL_Flip(screen);
  SDL_Delay(120);//Delay
  cycle++;
  Button();
 }
 SDL_Quit();
}
void Button(void)
{
 SDL_Event event;
 while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
 {
  switch(event.type)
  {
   case SDL_QUIT:
                  running=false;
                  break;
   case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                  switch(event.key.keysym.sym)
                  {
                     case SDLK_ESCAPE://Quit
                           running=false;
                           break;
     case SDLK_SPACE://Drop
      dropping=true;
      break;
     case SDLK_UP://rotation
      Rotation();
      break;
     case SDLK_DOWN:
      dy=20;
      DN=true;
      break;
     case SDLK_LEFT:
      dx=-20;
      LR=true;
      break;
     case SDLK_RIGHT:
      dx=20;
      LR=true;
      break;
    }
    break;
   case SDL_KEYUP:
    switch(event.key.keysym.sym)
    {
     case SDLK_DOWN:
      dy=speed;
      DN=false;
      break;
     case SDLK_LEFT:
      LR=false;
      break;
     case SDLK_RIGHT:
      LR=false;
      break;
    }
    break;
  }
 }
}
void Create(int R[],int c)
{ 
 //printf("-create-%d\n",number);
 int i; 
 for(i=0;i<4;i++)
 {
  current=(BRICK *)malloc(sizeof(BRICK));
  current->a.x=R[i];
  current->a.y=R[i+4];
  current->a.w=20;
  current->a.h=20;
  current->appearance=c;
  if(number==0&&i==0)
  {
   first=current;
   current->next=NULL;
   //previous=current;
  }
  else
  {
   current->next=first;
   first=current;
  }
 }
 number++;
 move=true;
}
void Overlapping(void)
{
 //printf("-Overlapping\n");
 current=first;
 i=0;
 while(i<4)
 {
  temp=first;
  for(j=0;j<4;j++)temp=temp->next;
  while(temp!=NULL)
   {
   if(current->a.y==temp->a.y)
   {
    if(current->a.x==temp->a.x)correcting=true;
   }
   temp=temp->next;
  }
  current=current->next;
  i++;
 }
}
void Boundary(void)
{
 //printf("--BottomAndBoundary\n");
 current=first;
 i=0;
 while(i<4)
 {
  if(current->a.x<0)correcting=true;
  if(current->a.x>200-current->a.w)correcting=true;
  current=current->next;
  i++;
 }
}
void Correct(void)
{
 //printf("Correct\n");
 current=first;
 for(j=0;j<4;j++)
 {
  current->a.x=current->a.x-dx;
  current=current->next;
 }
 correcting=false;
}
void GameOver(void)
{
 //Game over
 current=first;
 i=0;
 while(i<4)
 {
  temp=first;
  for(j=0;j<4;j++)temp=temp->next;
  while(temp!=NULL)
  {
   if(current->a.x==temp->a.x)
   {
    if(current->a.y==temp->a.y)running=false;
   }
   temp=temp->next;
  }
  current=current->next;
  i++;
 }
 if(running==false)printf("Game Over!!\n");
}
void JudgePositionAfterCorrect(void)
{
 current=first;
 i=0;
 while(i<4)
 {
  temp=first;
  for(j=0;j<4;j++)temp=temp->next;
  while(temp!=NULL)
  {
   if(current->a.x==temp->a.x)
   {
    if(current->a.y==temp->a.y-20)move=false;
   }
   temp=temp->next;
  }
  if(current->a.y>=400-current->a.h)
  {
   current->a.y=400-current->a.h;
   move=false;
  }
  current=current->next;
  i++;
 }
}
void Rotation(void)
{
 current=first; 
 J1=current->a.x;
 I1=current->a.y;
 switch(p)//find the center(Cx,Cy) of box
 {
  case 1:
   if(acount==0)
   {
    Cx=((J1+20)+J1)/2;
    Cy=((I1+80)+I1)/2;
   }
   if(acount==1)
   {
    Cx=((J1-60)+(J1+20))/2;
    Cy=((I1+20)+I1)/2;
   }
   if(acount==2)
   {
    Cx=((J1+20)+J1)/2;
    Cy=((I1-60)+(I1+20))/2;
   }
   if(acount==3)
   {
    Cx=((J1+80)+J1)/2;
    Cy=((I1+20)+I1)/2;
   }
   break;
  case 2:
  case 3:
  case 4:
  case 6:
   if(acount==0)
   {
    Cx=((J1+40)+J1)/2;
    Cy=((I1+60)+I1)/2;
   }
   if(acount==1)
   {
    Cx=((J1-40)+(J1+20))/2;
    Cy=((I1+40)+I1)/2;
   }
   if(acount==2)
   {
    Cx=J1;
    Cy=((I1-40)+(I1+20))/2;
   }
   if(acount==3)
   {
    Cx=((J1+60)+J1)/2;
    Cy=I1;
   }
   break;
  case 5:
   if(acount==0)
   {
    Cx=J1;
    Cy=((I1+60)+I1)/2;
   }
   if(acount==1)
   {
    Cx=((J1-40)+(J1+20))/2;
    Cy=I1;
   }
   if(acount==2)
   {
    Cx=((J1+40)+J1)/2;
    Cy=((I1-40)+(I1+20))/2;
   }
   if(acount==3)
   {
    Cx=((J1+60)+J1)/2;
    Cy=((I1+40)+I1)/2;
   }
   break;
 }
 i=0;//(J1,I1)->(J2,I2)
 while(i<4)
 {
  if(p==0)break;
  J1=current->a.x;
  I1=current->a.y;
  //J2=(J1-Cx)*cos(Theta)-(I1-Cy)*sin(Theta)+Cx
  //I2=(J1-Cx)*sin(Theta)+(I1-Cy)*cos(Theta)+Cy
  J2=(0-(I1-Cy)*1)+Cx;
  I2=((J1-Cx)*1)+Cy;
  //------------------------------
  if(acount>=2)current->a.x=J2-30;
  else
   current->a.x=J2-10;
  if(acount%2==0)current->a.y=I2-10;
  else
   current->a.y=I2+10;
  current=current->next;
  i++;
 }
 if(acount==3)acount=0;
 else
  acount++;
}
void MoveToDown(BRICK *deliver)
{
 i=0;
 while(i<4)
 {
  deliver->a.y=deliver->a.y+dy;
  deliver=deliver->next;
  i++;
 }
}
void LeftAndRight(void)
{
 current=first;
 i=0;
 while(i<4)
 {
  current->a.x=current->a.x+dx;
  current=current->next;
  i++;
 }
}
void Drop(void)
{
 while(1)
 {
  MoveToDown(first);
  JudgePositionAfterCorrect();
  if(move==false)break;
 }
 dropping=false;
}
void Cancellation(void)
{
 i=0;
 while(i<=380)
 { 
  current=first;
  for(j=0;j<4;j++)current=current->next;
  while(current!=NULL)
  {
   if(current->a.y==i)ee++;
   current=current->next;
  }
  if(ee==10)
  { 
   current=first;
   //for(j=0;j<4;j++)current=current->next;
   while(current!=NULL)//delete the node
   {
    if(current->a.y!=i)
    {
     temp=current;
     current=current->next;
    }
    else
    {
     temp->next=current->next;
     previous=current;
     current=current->next;
     free(previous);
    }
   }
   current=first;
   //for(j=0;j<4;j++)current=current->next;
   while(current!=NULL)
   {
    if(current->a.y<i)current->a.y=current >a.y+20;
    current=current->next;
   }
  }
  ee=0;
  i=i+20;
 }
}

SDL - Step6 貪食蛇

螢幕截圖：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<SDL/SDL.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
#define length 800
#define wide 600
#define num 5
struct node
{
 SDL_Rect snake;
 struct node *next;
};
typedef struct node rect; 
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
 SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
 SDL_Surface *screen;
 screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(length,wide,32,SDL_SWSURFACE);
 SDL_WM_SetCaption("((((^.^))))****TaiQing's SDL Snake****((((^.^))))",NULL);
 bool running=true;
 Uint32 start; 
 Uint32 color=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,0);
 Uint32 color1=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,255,0,0);
 Uint32 color2=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,255,255,255);
 int i,dx=-22,dy=0;
 srand(time(NULL));
 SDL_Rect food;
 food.x=rand()%36*22+4;
 food.y=rand()%27*22+14;
 food.w=20;
 food.h=20;
 rect *first,*current,*previous,*increase; 
 //first第一個節點 current正在處理的節點 previous前一節點指標 increase新節點
for(i=0;i<num;i++) 
 {
  current=(rect *) malloc(sizeof(rect));
  current->snake.x=(400+22*i);
  current->snake.y=300;
  current->snake.w=20;
  current->snake.h=20;
  if(i==0)
   first=current;
  else
   previous->next=current;
  current->next=NULL;
  previous=current;
 }
 while(running)
 {
  start=SDL_GetTicks();
  SDL_Event event;
  //keyboard  
  while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
        {
   switch(event.type) 
   {
case SDL_QUIT:
      running=false;
      break;
     case SDL_KEYDOWN:
      switch(event.key.keysym.sym) 
      {
       case SDLK_ESCAPE:
        running=false;
        break;
       case SDLK_UP:
        if(dx!=0)        
         dy=-22;
        dx=0;         
        break;
       case SDLK_DOWN:
        if(dx!=0)        
         dy=22;
        dx=0;
        break;
       case SDLK_LEFT:
        if(dy!=0)
         dx=-22;
        dy=0;
        break;
       case SDLK_RIGHT:
        if(dy!=0)
         dx=22;
        dy=0;
        break;
      }
      break;     
   }
  }
  //move
  current=first;  
  while(current->next!=NULL)
   current=current->next;
  while(current!=first)
  {
   previous=first; 
   while(previous->next!=current)
    previous=previous->next;
   current->snake.x=previous->snake.x;
   current->snake.y=previous->snake.y;
   current=previous;
  }
  first->snake.x+=dx;
  first->snake.y+=dy;
  //eat food and change length
  if(first->snake.x==food.x && first->snake.y==food.y)
  {
   food.x=rand()%36*22+4;
   food.y=rand()%27*22+14;
   increase=(rect *) malloc(sizeof(rect));
   current=first;  
   while(current->next!=NULL)
    current=current->next;
   if(current->next==NULL)
   {
    increase->snake=current->snake;
    increase->next=NULL;
    current->next=increase;
   }
  }
  //die or dorder
  if(first->snake.x<0 || first->snake.x>780)
   running=false;
  if(first->snake.y<0 || first->snake.y>580)
   running=false;
  current=first;
  current=current->next;
  while(current!=NULL)
  {
   if(current->snake.x==first->snake.x && current->snake.y==first->snake.y)
    running=false;
   current=current->next;
  }
  //render
  SDL_FillRect(screen,&screen->clip_rect,color);
  SDL_FillRect(screen,&food,color2);
  current=first;    
  while(current!=NULL)
  {     
   SDL_FillRect(screen,&(current->snake),color1);
   current=current->next;  
  } 
 SDL_Flip(screen);
 SDL_Delay(100);    
 }
 SDL_Quit();
 return 0;  
}

SDL - Step5 打磚塊

螢幕截圖：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<SDL/SDL.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<stdbool.h>
#define m 4
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
   SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
   SDL_Surface *screen;
   screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(300,300,32,SDL_SWSURFACE);

   bool running=true;
   int dx=1,dy=-1,R=255,G=255,B=255;
   bool a[2]={0,0};
   bool b[m]={0}; 
   Uint32 start;
   SDL_Rect rect,board,brick[m];
   srand(time(NULL));

/*ball*/
   rect.x=180;
   rect.y=175;
   rect.w=15;
   rect.h=15;

/*board*/
   board.x=110;
   board.y=295;
   board.w=60;
   board.h=5;

/*brick*/
   int i;
   for(i=0;i<m;i++)
 {
    brick[i].x=75*i;
    brick[i].y=40;
    brick[i].w=70;
    brick[i].h=20;      
 }

   Uint32 color=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,0);
   Uint32 color2;
   Uint32 color3=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,255,0,0);
   Uint32 color4=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,255);   
   
   while(running)
   {  
        start = SDL_GetTicks();
 SDL_Event event;
        Uint32 color2=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,R,G,B);
        while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
        {
             switch(event.type) 
             {
                    case SDL_QUIT:
                         running=false;
                         break;
                    case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                         switch(event.key.keysym.sym) 
                         {
                                case SDLK_ESCAPE:
  running=false;
        break;
    case SDLK_LEFT:
                                    a[0]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_RIGHT:
                                    a[1]=1;
                                    break;
                         }
                         break;     
                   case SDL_KEYUP:
                        switch(event.key.keysym.sym)
                        {
                                case SDLK_LEFT:
                                    a[0]=0;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_RIGHT:
                                    a[1]=0;
                                    break;                                
                        }
                        break;           
            
             }                          
        }
        /*red board move*/
        if(a[0])
          board.x-=3;
        if(a[1])
          board.x+=3;
        /*red board move 邊界*/
        if(board.x<=0)
          board.x=0;
        if(board.x>=240)
          board.x=240; 
  

/*變色*/  
if(rect.x==0 || rect.x==285)
 {  
   R=rand()%256;
   G=rand()%256;
   B=rand()%256;
 }

/*ball移動*/
rect.x+=dx;
rect.y+=dy;

/*ball死亡後，復活條件*/
if(rect.y>=300)
 {
   rect.x=125;
   rect.y=180;
   rect.w=15;
   rect.h=15;
 }

/*上，左，右邊界*/
if(rect.y<=0)
 dy=-dy;
if(rect.x<=0)
 dx=-dx;
if(rect.x>=285)
  dx=-dx;

if(rect.y<=0)
 rect.y=0;
if(rect.x<=0)
 rect.x=0;
if(rect.x>=285)
 rect.x=285;

/*brick 消失 and ball 反彈*/
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
   if(b[i]==0)
   { 
 if(rect.x+15>=brick[i].x && rect.x<=brick[i].x+70)
 {
  if(rect.y+15==40 || rect.y==60)
  {
   dy=-dy;
   b[i]=1;
  }
  
 }

 if(rect.y<=brick[i].y+20 && rect.y+15>=brick[i].y)
 {
  if(rect.x+15== brick[i].x || rect.x==brick[i].x+70)
  {
   dy=-dy;
   b[i]=1;
  }
 }
   }
}
 
  
/*ball and  board 反彈*/
if(rect.y==280)
   if(rect.x>=board.x-15 && rect.x<=board.x+60)
      {
 dy=-dy;
 rect.y=280;
      }

        /*render*/
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&screen->clip_rect,color);
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&rect,color2);
  SDL_FillRect(screen,&board,color3);
 for(i=0;i<4;i++)
   { 
    if(b[i]==0)   
             SDL_FillRect(screen,&brick[i],color4);
   }
   
         SDL_Flip(screen);
        SDL_Delay(10);

    }
   SDL_Quit();
  return 0;
}

SDL - Step4 打乒乓球

螢幕截圖：

#include"SDL/SDL.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
   SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
   SDL_Surface *screen;
   screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(300,300,32,SDL_SWSURFACE);

   bool running=true;
   int dx=1,dy=1,R=255,G=255,B=255;
   bool a[2]={0,0};
   bool b[2]={0,0};
 
   Uint32 start;
   SDL_Rect rect,board1,board2;
   srand(time(NULL));

/*ball*/
   rect.x=145;
   rect.y=145;
   rect.w=20;
   rect.h=20;

/*board1*/
   board1.x=290;
   board1.y=0;
   board1.w=10;
   board1.h=80;

/*board2*/
   board2.x=0;
   board2.y=0;
   board2.w=10;
   board2.h=80;

   Uint32 color=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,0);
   Uint32 color2;
   Uint32 color3=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,255,0,0);
   Uint32 color4=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,255,0);   
   
   while(running)
   {  
        start = SDL_GetTicks();
 SDL_Event event;
        Uint32 color2=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,R,G,B);
        while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
        {
             switch(event.type) 
             {
                    case SDL_QUIT:
                         running=false;
                         break;
                    case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                         switch(event.key.keysym.sym) 
                         {
                                case SDLK_ESCAPE:
        running=false;
        break;
    case SDLK_UP:
                                    a[0]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_DOWN:
                                    a[1]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_w:
                                    b[0]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_x:
                                    b[1]=1;
                                    break;
                         }
                         break;     
                   case SDL_KEYUP:
                        switch(event.key.keysym.sym)
                        {
                                case SDLK_UP:
                                    a[0]=0;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_DOWN:
                                    a[1]=0;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_w:
                                    b[0]=0;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_x:
                                    b[1]=0;
                                    break;
                        }
                        break;           
            
             }                          
        }
/*red board move*/
        if(a[0])
          board1.y-=10;
        if(a[1])
          board1.y+=10;
        /*red board move 邊界*/
        if(board1.y<=0)
          board1.y=0;
        if(board1.y>=220)
          board1.y=220; 
        /*green board move*/
        if(b[0])
          board2.y-=10;
        if(b[1])
          board2.y+=10;
        /*green board move邊界*/
        if(board2.y<=0)
          board2.y=0;
        if(board2.y>=220)
          board2.y=220;

/*變色*/  
if(rect.y==0 || rect.y==280)
 {  
   R=rand()%256;
   G=rand()%256;
   B=rand()%256;
 }

rect.x+=dx;
rect.y+=dy;
/*ball死亡條件*/
if(rect.x<0)
 {
   rect.x=145;
   rect.y=145;
   rect.w=20;
   rect.h=20;
 }
if(rect.x>=300)
 { 
   rect.x=145;
   rect.y=145;
   rect.w=20;
   rect.h=20;
 }
if(rect.y<=0)
dy=-dy;
if(rect.y>=280)
dy=-dy;

/*上下邊界*/
if(rect.y<=0)
rect.y=0;
if(rect.y>=280)
rect.y=280;

/*ball and green board 反彈*/
if(rect.x==10)
   if(rect.y>=board2.y-20 && rect.y<=board2.y+80)
      {
        dx=-dx;
        rect.x=10;
      }

/*ball and red board 反彈*/
if(rect.x==270)
   if(rect.y>=board1.y-20 && rect.y<=board1.y+80)
      {
        dx=-dx;
        rect.x=270;
      }
        /*render*/
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&screen->clip_rect,color);
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&rect,color2);
  SDL_FillRect(screen,&board1,color3);
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&board2,color4);
         SDL_Flip(screen);
    
        SDL_Delay(10);

    }
 SDL_Quit();
 return 0;

}

SDL - Step3 方塊碰撞邊界會反彈並且變色

螢幕截圖：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<SDL/SDL.h>
#include<time.h>
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
   SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
   SDL_Surface *screen;
   screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(300,300,32,SDL_SWSURFACE);
   bool running=true;
   int dx=1,dy=1,R=255,G=255,B=255; 
   Uint32 start;
   SDL_Rect rect;
   srand(time(NULL));
   rect.x=145;
   rect.y=145;
   rect.w=20;
   rect.h=20;
   Uint32 color=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,0);
   Uint32 color2;
  
   
   while(running)
   {  
        start = SDL_GetTicks();
 SDL_Event event;
        Uint32 color2=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,R,G,B);
        while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
        {
switch(event.type) 
             {
                    case SDL_QUIT:
                         running=false;
                         break;
                    case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                         switch(event.key.keysym.sym) 
                         {
                                case SDLK_UP:
                                    dy=-1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_LEFT:
                                    dx=-1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_DOWN:
                                    dy=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_RIGHT:
                                    dx=1;
                                    break;


                                case SDLK_a:
                                     if(dx>=0 && dy>=0)
                                      {  
                                        dx++;
                                        dy++;
                                      } 
                if(dx>=0 && dy<=0)
                                      { 
                                        dx++;
                                        dy--;
                                      }
                if(dx<=0 && dy>=0)
                                      { 
                                        dx--;
                                        dy++;
                                      }
                       if(dx<=0 && dy<=0)
                                      { 
                                        dx--;
                                        dy--;
                                      } 
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_d:
                                      if(dx>=0 && dy>=0)
                                      {
                                        dx--;
                                        dy--;
                                      }
                                     if(dx>=0 && dy<=0)
                                      {
                                        dx--;
                                        dy++;
                                      }
                                     if(dx<=0 && dy>=0)
                                      {
                                        dx++;
                                        dy--;
                                      }
                                     if(dx<=0 && dy<=0)
                                      {
                                        dx++;
                                        dy++;
                                      } 
                                    break;
                          }
                          break;                       
             }                          
        }
if(rect.x==0 || rect.x==280 || rect.y==0 || rect.y==280)
 {  
   R=rand()%256;
   G=rand()%256;
   B=rand()%256;
 }
if(R==0 && G==0 && B==0)
      { 
        R=rand()%256;
        G=rand()%256; 
        B=rand()%256;
      }
rect.x+=dx;
rect.y+=dy;
if(rect.x<=0)
dx=-dx;
if(rect.x>=280)
dx=-dx;
if(rect.y<=0)
dy=-dy;
if(rect.y>=280)
dy=-dy;


if(rect.x<=0)
rect.x=0;
if(rect.x>=280)
rect.x=280;
if(rect.y<=0)
rect.y=0;
if(rect.y>=280)
rect.y=280;

    //render
    SDL_FillRect(screen,&screen->clip_rect,color);
    SDL_FillRect(screen,&rect,color2);
    SDL_Flip(screen);
    
    SDL_Delay(10);

    }
 SDL_Quit();
 return 0;

}

SDL- Step2 鍵盤按鍵控制方塊的移動

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<SDL/SDL.h>
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
   SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
   SDL_Surface *screen;
   screen=SDL_SetVideoMode(300,300,32,SDL_SWSURFACE);
   bool running=true;

   Uint32 start;
   bool b[4]={0,0,0,0};
   SDL_Rect rect;
   rect.x=145;
   rect.y=145;
   rect.w=10;
   rect.h=10;
   Uint32 color=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,0,0);
   Uint32 color2=SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0xff,0xff,0xff);
   while(running)
   {
        start = SDL_GetTicks();
        SDL_Event event;
        while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
        {
switch(event.type)
             {
                    case SDL_QUIT:
                         running=false;
                         break;
                    case SDL_KEYDOWN:
                         switch(event.key.keysym.sym)
                         {
                                case SDLK_UP:
                                    b[0]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_LEFT:
                                    b[1]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_DOWN:
                                    b[2]=1;
                                    break;
                                case SDLK_RIGHT:
                                    b[3]=1;
                                    break;

                          }
                          break;
                     case SDL_KEYUP:
                          switch(event.key.keysym.sym)
                          {
                                 case SDLK_UP:
                                     b[0]=0;
                                     break;
                                 case SDLK_LEFT:
                                     b[1]=0;
                                     break;
                                 case SDLK_DOWN:
                                     b[2]=0;
                                     break;
                                 case SDLK_RIGHT:
                                     b[3]=0;
                                     break;
                          }
                          break;
             }

        }
        //logic
        if(b[0])
          rect.y-=10;
        if(b[1])
          rect.x-=10;
        if(b[2])
          rect.y+=10;
        if(b[3])
          rect.x+=10;


        if( rect.y<0)
                rect.y=0;
        if(rect.y>290)
                rect.y=290;
        if(rect.x<0)
                rect.x=0;
        if(rect.x>290)
                rect.x=290;
        //render
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&screen->clip_rect,color);
         SDL_FillRect(screen,&rect,color2);
         SDL_Flip(screen);
   SDL_Delay(50);
   }
 SDL_Quit();
 return 0;

}

編譯指令： g++ XXX.c -o LLL -lSDL

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